Video 1. Copulation behavior of the stalk-eyed fly, Sphyracephala detrahens mature male and female

Video 2. Copulation attempt of the stalk-eyed fly, Sphyracephala detrahens: mature male with mature male

Video 3. Copulation attempt of the stalk-eyed fly, Sphyracephala detrahens: mature male with immature female

Video 4. Copulation attempt of the stalk-eyed fly, Sphyracephala detrahens: mature male with immature male

Male and female Smews on the water

Male and female Smews on the water and then dived

Supplementary material 1 (Video). “Pose” cleaning-request behavior of sailfish and response of marlin suckers

ESM Video S1. A male Oriental Magpie Robin entered the nest box and started killing nestlings

Video S1. Footage of behavior of Cardisoma carnifex on the ground surface captured during September 4-5, 2015: (B) burrow plugging by the winner male

Nakai Conducting a Guest, page from the printed book "Poems of the Male and Female Mane'emon" (Haikai Meoto Mane'emon)

Male and Female Performers/ Nishizaka, from the series Exhaustive Illustrations of the Fifty-Three Stations of the Tōkaidō (Tōkaidō gojūsantsugi ezukushi)

The JVC video anthology of world music and dance. Volume 1, East Asia I : Korea 1

ESM Video S2. A male Oriental Magpie Robin entered the nest box and threw the nestling out of the nest by using his beak

The JVC video anthology of world music and dance. Volume 3, East Asia III : China 1

The JVC video anthology of world music and dance. Volume 9, Southeast Asia IV : Indonesia 1

The JVC video anthology of world music and dance. Volume 11, South Asia I : India 1

Nagasaki City and Prefecture population figures as of 1 November 1945 (by male and female totals in Gun, Mura, Machi) (2) (part Japanese) Source: Foreign affairs section, prefectural government. Report No. 3b(1), USSBS Index Section 2

The Actors Ichimura Uzaemon IX as a Male Fox Disguised as the Sake Seller Iseya (left) and Nakamura Tomijuro I as a Female Fox Disguised as the Beancake Peddler Hyugaya, in the Dance Sequence "Myoto-zake Kawaranu Nakanaka" (Everlasting Harmony of the Marital Cup), from the Second Part of the Play Chigo Torii Kitsune (Heavenly Child - The Fox Leaps Through the Shrine Gate), Performed at the Ichimura Theater in the Eleventh Month, 1777